http://e-info.org.tw/node/118266
環保入基督教義 教宗方濟各：破壞環境是一種罪
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本報2016年9月12日綜合外電報導，姜唯編譯；蔡麗伶審校
羅馬天主教教宗方濟各（Pope Francis）於今年的世界祈禱日再次強調環境問題，呼籲立即行動、對抗氣候變遷，並提議將環境關懷加入傳統基督徒的七善事，與給予餓的人食物、照顧病痛之人同列為教義。
天主教教宗方濟各在今年世界祈禱日再次強調環境問題，呼籲應立即行動、對抗氣候變遷，並負起環境責任。圖片來源：Aleteia Image Department （CC BY-SA 2.0）
方濟各在去年的世界祈禱日發表環境通諭指出，那些最不需為全球暖化負責的人——難民和窮人——正承受最多全球暖化的後果。他指出，人類破壞環境是一種罪，人類將地球變成「飽受污染的廢棄之地，充滿垃圾、荒蕪和污穢。」
「全球暖化持續著。2015年是史上最熱的一年，2016年更熱。這導致乾旱、洪水、大火和極端氣候越來越多。氣候變遷也造成令人心碎的難民危機。這世界的窮人，最不需要為氣候變遷負責的一群人，卻承受著氣候變遷的後果。」方濟各說。
教宗表示，有信仰之人應在2016年慈悲聖年，為破壞環境之罪和不擇手段追求利潤祈求原諒。他也呼籲將環境關懷加入七善事教義，在2016年徹底執行。
「生物多樣性流失和生態系統破壞往往是我們不負責任、自私自利的後果，不可對此袖手旁觀。因為我們，數千個物種無法再以自身的存在榮耀上帝...我們沒有這個權利。」
教宗要求人們反省社會的排外和對自然的破壞，呼籲消費者改變現代生活習慣，減少垃圾量，多種樹、垃圾分類和共乘。並敦促政治與商業領袖別再只專注於眼前的利益，應為全人類福祉著想，解決南北半球「生態債務」問題。
樞機主教、梵蒂岡和平正義委員會主席圖克森（Peter Turkson）說：「第一步是謙卑地承認我們的確污染了地球、破壞了生態系統，造成生態多樣性流失和氣候變遷，並瞭解傷害地球就會傷害窮人。」
協助草擬教宗環境通諭的圖克森剛被指派為新任教廷領袖，領導新教廷負責環境、移民、正義和健康照護等事務。「我們不該認為我們的努力不重要，儘管只是舉手之勞。美德，包括生態方面的美德，是具有感染力的。」圖克森說。
Pope Francis says destroying the environment is a sin
Pontiff says humans are turning planet into ‘wasteland full of debris, desolation and filth’ in call for urgent action on climate change
Pope Francis has called for urgent action to stop climate change and proposed that caring for the environment be added to traditional Christian works of mercy such as feeding the hungry and visiting the sick.
In a message to mark the Catholic church’s World Day of Prayer for the Care of Creation that he launched last year, Francis said the worst impact of global warming was being felt by those who were least responsible for it – refugees and the poor.
The pontiff used the occasion to revive many of the powerful issues he highlighted a year ago in his provocative encyclical on the environment, Laudato si’, and his latest message seems certain to rankle conservatives.
Francis described man’s destruction of the environment as a sin and accused mankind of turning the planet into a “polluted wasteland full of debris, desolation and filth”.
“Global warming continues,” the pope said. “2015 was the warmest year on record, and 2016 will likely be warmer still. This is leading to ever more severe droughts, floods, fires and extreme weather events.
“Climate change is also contributing to the heart-rending refugee crisis. The world’s poor, though least responsible for climate change, are most vulnerable and already suffering its impact. ”
The pope said the faithful should use the Holy Year of Mercy throughout 2016 to ask forgiveness for sins committed against the environment and our “selfish” system motivated by “profit at any price”.
He called for care for the environment to be added to the seven spiritual works of mercy outlined in the Gospel that the faithful are asked to perform throughout the pope’s year of mercy in 2016.
“We must not be indifferent or resigned to the loss of biodiversity and the destruction of ecosystems, often caused by our irresponsible and selfish behaviour,” he said. “Because of us, thousands of species will no longer give glory to God by their very existence … We have no such right.”
The pope asked people to reflect on a society that lacked concern for social exclusion or the destruction of nature. He called for consumers to modify their modern lifestyle by reducing waste, planting trees, separating rubbish and making more use of car pooling.
“The resolve to live differently should affect our various contributions to shaping the culture and society in which we live,” he said.
Francis urged political and business leaders to stop thinking of short-term gains and work for the common good while taking steps to resolve the “ecological debt” between the global north and south.
“Repaying it would require treating the environments of poorer nations with care and providing the financial resources and technical assistance needed to help them deal with climate change and promote sustainable development,” he said.
Cardinal Peter Turkson, president of the Vatican’s council for peace and justice, said: “The first step is to humbly acknowledge the harm we are doing to the Earth through pollution, the scandalous destruction of ecosystems and loss of biodiversity, and the spectre of climate change.
“And to realise that when we hurt the Earth, we also hurt the poor.”
The Ghanaian cardinal, who helped draft the original encyclical, has just been appointed to head a new Vatican dicastery that will be responsible for the environment, migration, justice and healthcare. He told a Vatican media conference it was possible to create change and arrest environmental destruction.
“We should not think that our efforts – even our small gestures – don’t matter,” he said. “Virtue, including ecological virtue, can be infectious.”
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