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美體小舖與環團合作 蓋「生態橋」還地給森林
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本報2016年6月3日綜合外電報導，姜唯編譯；蔡麗伶審校
美妝品牌美體小舖（Body Shop）與環團世界土地信託（World Land Trust）合作，發起「生態之橋」（bio-bridges）計畫。美體小舖表示，顧客每筆消費都將幫助重建和保護一平方公尺的棲地。計畫目標重建超過1萬8500英畝（約7500萬平方公尺）的森林，並建立自然生態廊道，重新連接被切斷的棲地。
美體小舖推廣「生態之橋」計畫，在倫敦西敏寺橋上擺設樹猴子，相當吸睛。圖片來源：The Body Shop。
第一個保護目標是越南Khe Nuoc Trong森林，當地棲息著瀕危靈長類白臀葉猴、極度瀕危中南大羚、孟加拉懶猴和緬甸巨蟒。
世界土地信託保育主任威爾森（Roger Wilson）表示，棲地破碎是野生動物最大的生存危機之一。棲地破碎會讓被隔離的族群太小，難以存續。威爾森強調，「生態之橋」將被設置在生物多樣性最豐富的地區，同時確保當地社群能因保護棲地而受益。
威爾森說，「生態之橋」預計在越南執行的地區都是生態劣化的地區，大部分被轉作人工林，「剩下的天然森林因為有高價值的木材，可製成昂貴的東方家具，嚴重受到盜伐，此外還有狩獵的壓力。」
計畫將安排固定的巡守員，運用「相機陷阱」（camera trap）保護棲地和動物，並和當地社群學校密切合作，鼓勵利用森林資源、永續農業和參與計劃。
第二座生態之橋預計安排在印度加羅山（Garo Hills），當地有世界碩果僅存的野生亞洲象族群之一。
美體小舖企業責任部主任戴維斯（Christopher Davis）表示：「生態之橋是建立生物多樣性廊道的創新作法，能保護更廣大的森林，讓棲息其中的物種得以繁衍。」
「我們希望能在五到十年內，讓越南保護區內的瀕危物種倍數成長。」
印度加羅山（Garo Hills）的野生亞洲象，是世界上僅存的族群之一。圖片來源：Neelima v（CC BY-NC-ND 2.0）。
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【參考資料】
Body Shop 'bio-bridges' to regenerate forests and connect wildlife habitats
Programme in partnership with World Land Trust will create corridors of natural habitat to prevent threatened species from being cut off from each other
A programme to regenerate thousands of acres of forest and link habitats in wildlife-rich parts of the world has been launched.
The “bio-bridges” scheme, which creates corridors of natural habitat to prevent threatened wildlife populations being cut off from each other, is being run by the Body Shop in partnership with the World Land Trust.
Every customer purchase will help to restore and protect one square metre of habitat, the company pledges, with aims to protect 75 million square metres, or more than 18,500 acres of land.
The first project is in Vietnam, in the Khe Nuoc Trong forest, which is home to rare wildlife including an endangered primate, the red-shanked douc, the critically endangered saola, or Asian unicorn, the Bengal slow loris and the Burmese python.
Roger Wilson, head of conservation at the World Land Trust, said one of the biggest threats to wildlife was fragmentation of their habitat, leaving isolated populations that were too small to be viable.
“Animals have to be able to move from A to B, there has to be flow between them, otherwise they are divided up, they become isolated individually, they are far away. The bridges allow that to happen.”
He said the “bio-bridges” were located in the most important areas, with rich biodiversity, and it was important to ensure communities felt the benefits of preserving the wildlife corridors.
In Vietnam, the area of forest being targeted by the scheme is degraded, with much of it converted to plantations, Wilson said.
“The remaining natural forest suffers illegal logging because of the high value timbers that make rich oriental furniture. The other thing is immense hunting pressure.”
The scheme will involve regular patrols and utilising camera traps to protect the area and its wildlife, and working closely with the local community and schools to encourage using forest resources, farming sustainably and getting involved with the project.
There are also plans for a second bio-bridge project launch in the Garo Hills, India, which has one of the biggest remaining wild Asian elephant populations.
Christopher Davis, director of corporate responsibility and campaigns at the Body Shop said: “Bio-bridges are an innovative way to create protected corridors of biodiversity that allow the wider forest to flourish and its inhabitants to breed and thrive.
“In Vietnam, within five to 10 years we hope to be able to see endangered species multiply.”
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